ULPIN (Bhu-Aadhaar): The 14-Digit Land Parcel ID Explained (2026)

At a glance

The table below summarises what the official sources say. Where a figure has a date, the date is shown, because rollout numbers keep changing.

What ULPIN is

Each state keeps its own land records, and a parcel is identified by village, tehsil and a local number such as a khasra, survey or gata number, which is unique only inside one village. ULPIN adds one national layer on top: a single ID per parcel that is meant to be unique across the country.

The Department of Land Resources (DoLR), under the Ministry of Rural Development, describes the aim as one authoritative identifier that other systems can use to look up land information, prevent duplicate records, link registrations to the right parcel, and support single-window delivery of services that need land records.

ULPIN does not replace the khasra and khatauni numbers; it sits alongside them.

How the number is generated

According to the DoLR concept note, for a parcel whose boundary has been geo-referenced, the ID is produced by a formula from the latitude and longitude of the parcel's vertices. In plain terms, the ID depends on where the corners of the parcel sit on the earth's surface. The PIB Year-End Review 2022 describes it as a 14-digit alphanumeric ID that follows ECCMA and OGC standards and carries ownership details, plot size and coordinates in the linked record.

Three practical consequences follow from this design:

• A new ID can be issued when the parcel changes. The concept note says the system generates a new ID when a parcel is mutated in a way that changes its coordinates, for example on subdivision. A buyer purchasing part of a larger khasra should expect the carved-out portion to get its own ID once the records are updated.
• The ID depends on map quality. If the cadastral map for a village is old or poorly geo-referenced, the parcel's coordinates, and so the ID, reflect that. The PIB Year-End Review 2025 reports cadastral maps digitised for 97.14% of the country; it does not give an as-of date for that figure.
• Formats are not identical everywhere. The DoLR concept note records that some states use their own format, including a 16-digit code in Uttar Pradesh and a random code with a state prefix in Andhra Pradesh. Do not assume every state shows exactly 14 characters.

To see how a parcel's shape is drawn on the official map, read our guide to Bhu-Naksha cadastral maps.

Rollout status, with dates

Rollout figures change every few months, so each number below is tied to the date the government released it.

• 22 December 2022 (PIB): ULPIN rolled out in 24 States/UTs, including Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, with pilot testing in eight more, including Delhi and Karnataka.
• 15 March 2023 (DoLR concept note): 26 States/UTs had adopted ULPIN and about 9.026 crore parcels had IDs assigned. Meghalaya had not yet digitised its land records.
• November 2025 (PIB Year-End Review 2025, released 1 January 2026): over 36 crore land parcels assigned a ULPIN across 29 States/UTs.

We could not confirm a current, official village-by-village completion figure for any single state. If you need to know whether a particular village is covered, check the state land records portal or ask at the tehsil.

Why it matters to a land buyer

Many land disputes involve the wrong parcel: a seller shows one field on the ground while the deed describes a different khasra. A ULPIN helps in two ways.

• Matching paper to ground. Because the ID is tied to boundary coordinates, a ULPIN printed on a record should correspond to one shape on the official map. This complements the exercise in our guide to matching a khasra to a plot on the map.
• Linking registration to the parcel. DoLR describes ULPIN as a way to link land transactions and enforce their uniqueness. Where a state's registration system is integrated with land records, the same ID can appear across both.

Step by step: finding a parcel's ULPIN

There is no single national public search page for ULPIN that we could confirm. Each state shows it, if at all, inside its own land records or map portal, and the label may be "ULPIN", "Bhu-Aadhaar" or a state-specific "unique code". We did not confirm the exact menu names on each state portal, so the steps below are generic.

1. Get the basic identifiers from the seller: state, district, tehsil or taluka, village and the khasra, survey or gata number, plus the owner's name as recorded.
2. Open the official land records portal for that state. Our guide to checking land records online lists the state portals.
3. Choose your district, then tehsil or taluka, then village, and search by the plot number or owner name.
4. Look on the record of rights or the plot information panel for a field labelled ULPIN, Bhu-Aadhaar or unique code. Note it down exactly.
5. Open the state's cadastral map viewer for the same village and plot, and check whether the same ID appears with the parcel shape.
6. If no ID appears, ask the patwari, lekhpal or talathi, or the tehsil land records office, whether the village has been covered yet.
7. Write the ULPIN, if available, into your due diligence notes and ask your advocate to include it in the sale deed schedule alongside the khasra number and boundaries.

What ULPIN does not do

ULPIN is an identifier, not a title guarantee. India's land records are presumptive: they record who is in possession and who is shown as owner, but they do not certify that the chain of title is clean. A parcel with a valid ULPIN can still carry:

• a pending mutation or a disputed inheritance share;
• a mortgage or charge that shows up only in registration records, which is why an encumbrance certificate is still needed;
• a court case, stay order or acquisition notification;
• boundary differences between the map and the ground, which only a physical demarcation resolves.

Treat ULPIN as one line in your land due diligence checklist, not a substitute for it.

What to check before you rely on it

• The ULPIN shown on the record of rights matches the one on the map viewer for the same plot.
• The owner name, area and khasra on the record match the seller's documents and the draft sale deed.
• If the seller is selling part of a khasra, ask whether the parcel has been subdivided on the map. If not, the ID refers to the whole parcel, and your portion is not separately identified yet.
• Where the ID and the plot number disagree, stop and have the discrepancy explained in writing before paying any advance.

Frequently Asked Questions

Sources

• PIB: Year-End Review 2022, Department of Land Resources, 22 December 2022
• PIB: "Citizen centric Bhu-Aadhaar will revolutionize Governance of Sashakt Bharat", 17 March 2023
• PIB: Year-End Review 2025, Department of Land Resources, 1 January 2026
• PIB Backgrounder: Ease of Doing Business, Strengthening India's Land Records, June 2026
• Department of Land Resources: ULPIN or Bhu-Aadhar Concept Note
• Department of Land Resources: ULPIN page